RIVALITAS JAMU JAWA DAN OBAT TRADISIONAL CINA1 ABAD XIX - AWAL ABAD XX

Abstract

Jamu Jawa atau obat tradisional Jawa sebagai warisan budaya mengalami tekanan setelah obat tradisional Cina semakin populer di Hindia Belanda. Keduanya saling berkompetisi dalam dunia kesehatan di Hindia Belanda pada abad XIX dan XX.Rivalitas keduanya belum banyak dikaji, dan sangat menarik jika bisa diteliti lebih dalam. Tulisan ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang berasal dari penelitian kolektif mengenai Jamu yang digagas atas inisiatif bersama untuk melengkapi penelitian tentang jamu sebelumnya. Penelitian ini juga termasuk dalam penelitian sejarah sosial dengan analisis menggunakan metodologi sejarah sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Jamu Jawa (traditionele Javaanse geneeskunde) kurang memiliki daya saing dalam beberapa hal jika dibandingkan dengan Obat Tradisional Cina(Traditionele Chinese Geneeskunde). Kurangnya daya saing tersebut disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, diantaranya sistem distribusi dan branding jamu yang belum bisa meraih pangsa pasar potensial.Jamu Jawa or Javanese traditional medicine as a heritage inherited under pressure after the traditional Chinese medicine are increasingly popular in the Dutch East Indies. Both of them competing in the world of health in the Dutch East Indies in the XIX and XX century. Rivalry of both has not been widely discussed, it's very interesting if it can be studied further. This paper is a qualitative research derived from collective research on herbs that was initiated on a joint initiative to complement previous research about traditional herbal medicine. The study also included in the study with an analysis of social history using the methodology of social history. The results showed that Jamu Jawa (Traditionele Javaanse Geneeskunde) lack of competitiveness in some respects when compared with Traditional Chinese medicine (Traditionele Chinese Geneeskunde). The lack of competitiveness caused by several factors, including the distribution system and Jamu's branding have not been able to gain potential market share.