PERSPEKTIF SPASIAL PENANGGULANGAN KEMISKINAN DI YOGYAKARTA

Abstract

Kemiskinan merupakan salah satu dimensi dari lima dimensi perangkap kemiskinan menurut Robert Chambers. Dimensi kemiskinan tersebut adalah kerentanan, kelemahan jasmani, ketidakberdayaan, dan isolasi wilayah. Isolasi wilayah berhubungan dengan aksesibilitas. Sementara itu akses merupakan media terbukanya peluang-peluang sosial dan ekonomi. Kajian berikut melihat kemiskinan berdasarkan kondisi topografi sebuah wilayah sebagai alat untuk menggambarkan asksesibilitas. Kajian ini juga bertujuan mengetahui tingkat kemiskinan yang pada akhirnya digunakan untuk menentukan program penanggulangan kemiskinan.Kemiskinan ditentukan berdasarkan penerima beras miskin. Jumlah keluarga miskin di kedua daerah penelitian adalah 207. Selain wawancara terstruktur dengan menggunakan kuesioner, penelitian ini juga melakukan kajian kualitatif dengan cara wawancara mendalam. Tujuan penelitian tentang tingkat kemiskinan dan penentuan program penanggulangan kemiskinan dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan tabel silang. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kemiskinan dianalisis dengan menggunakan koefisien regresi.____________________________________________________________Poverty is one of dimention of the five dimentions of poverty trap by Robert Chambers. Those poverty dimentions are vulnerability, physical weakness, powerless, and region isolation. The region isolation associate to the accesibility. Meanwhile, access is a media to open the social and economic opportunity. This research see the poverty base on topography condition as a tool to figure the accesibility. Also, this research aim to examine the poverty level which ultimately  use to determine the poverty alleviation programs. Poverty is determined base on beneficiaries of rice ppoor (Beras Miskin). The number of poor family in the two research area are 207. Besides structural interview using questionnaire, this research also use qualitative methode by using indepth interview. The aim of the reseach about level of poverty and determine the poverty alleviation programs will be analysed descriptively using cross tabulation. Meanwhile, influencing factor on poverty will be analysed using coefisien regression. The demographic, social and economic caracteristic of the head of poor family at two research showed there was no differention. The age average of the head of family approximately 50 year, the level of education was low, namely junior high school, and  in generally the head of family work on service sector. The economic potention of the poor family did not show a differention as topography condition. The poor family at up land area has invested on the form of  saving, meanwhile the poverty at low land area tend to structural. The poverty factors influence the type of poverty alleviation programs for efectivity and rigth to the target. The management of program implementaion was one aspect that need to be seen in the realisation of poverty alleviation pragrams that been determined.